Durante doing so I will keep to the order indicated above, and discuss how such principalities are sicuro be ruled and preserved
I will leave out all tete-a-tete on republics, inasmuch as in another place I have written of them at length, and will address myself only puro principalities.
I say at once there are fewer difficulties mediante holding hereditary states, and those long accustomed puro the family of their prince, than new ones; for it is sufficient only not puro transgress the customs of his ancestors, and sicuro deal prudently with circumstances as they arise, for per prince of average powers puro maintain himself durante his state, unless he be deprived of it by some extraordinary and enflee force; and if he should be so deprived of it, whenever anything sinister happens sicuro the usurper, he will regain it.
We have mediante Italy, for example, the Duke of Ferrara, who could not have withstood the attacks of the Venetians per ’84, nor those of Pope Julius mediante ’10, unless he had been long established durante his dominions. For the hereditary prince has less cause and less necessity onesto offend; hence it happens that he will be more loved; and unless extraordinary vices cause him puro be hated, it is reasonable sicuro expect that his subjects will Come messaggio di qualcuno senior match be naturally well disposed towards him; and in the antiquity and duration of his rule the memories and motives that make for change are lost, for one change always leaves the toothing for another.
CHAPTER III. CONCERNING MIXED PRINCIPALITIES
And firstly, if it be not entirely new, but is, as it were, per member of a state which, taken collectively, may be called composite, the changes arise chiefly from an inherent difficulty which there is sopra all new principalities; for men change their rulers willingly, hoping to better themselves, and this hope induces them onesto take up arms against him who rules: wherein they are deceived, because they afterwards find by experience they have gone from bad esatto worse. This follows also on another natural and common necessity, which always causes per new prince to burden those who have submitted puro him with his soldiery and with infinite other hardships which he must put upon his new acquisition.
Sopra this way you have enemies per all those whom you have injured in seizing that principality, and you are not able to keep those friends who put you there because of your not being able to satisfy them durante the way they expected, and you cannot take strong measures against them, feeling bound to them. For, although one may be very strong sopra armed forces, yet in entering per province one has always need of the goodwill of the natives.
For these reasons Louis the Twelfth, King of France, quickly occupied Milan, and as quickly lost it; and onesto turn him out the first time it only needed Lodovico’s own forces; because those who had opened the gates onesto him, finding themselves deceived durante their hopes of future benefit, would not endure the ill-treatment of the new prince. It is very true that, after acquiring rebellious provinces per second time, they are not so lightly lost afterwards, because the prince, with little reluctance, takes the opportunity of the rebellion esatto punish the delinquents, to clear out the suspects, and to strengthen himself per the weakest places. Thus preciso cause France puro lose Milan the first time it was enough for the Duke Lodovico to raise insurrections on the borders; but onesto cause him to lose it verso second time it was necessary to bring the whole world against him, and that his armies should be defeated and driven out of Italy; which followed from the causes above mentioned.